#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

using i8 = int8_t;
using i16 = int16_t;
using i32 = int32_t;
using i64 = int64_t;
using isize = ptrdiff_t;
using u8 = uint8_t;
using u16 = uint16_t;
using u32 = uint32_t;
using u64 = uint64_t;
using usize = size_t;
using f32 = float_t;
using f64 = double_t;

inline constexpr i32 Modulus = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename TScalar, typename... TRest>
inline constexpr TScalar Max(TScalar first, TRest... rest)
{
    static_assert((is_same_v<TScalar, TRest> && ...), "All arguments must have the same type");
    if constexpr (sizeof...(rest) == 0)
        return first;
    else
        return (first > Max(rest...)) ? first : Max(rest...);
}

int main(void)
{
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    cout.tie(nullptr);

    u32 t;
    cin >> t;

    while (t > 0)
    {
        t -= 1;

        i64 y, x;
        cin >> y >> x;

        i64 max = Max(y, x);

        i64 diagonal = max * (max - 1) + 1;
        i64 offset = ((max & 1) == 0) ? y - x : x - y;

        u64 num = diagonal + offset;
        cout << num << '\n';
    }

    return 0;
}